How to Redirect stdout and stderr to Separate Files in Linux

Question: How do I save errors and normal output to different files?

Try: ./deploy.sh > success.log 2> errors.log

Info: > redirects stdout (file descriptor 1), while 2> redirects stderr (file descriptor 2). Separating the two streams keeps normal output and error messages in different files for easier troubleshooting.

Examples:

• $ ./script > out.log 2> err.log  # Separate standard output and errors
• $ ./script &> combined.log  # Redirect both streams to one file (Bash/Zsh)
• $ ./script > out.log 2>&1  # Send stderr to the same file as stdout

Note: Redirection order matters: > file 2>&1 sends both streams to the file, while 2>&1 > file sends stderr to the terminal and only stdout to the file. Redirect to /dev/null when you want to discard output completely.